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MUSEUMS

 
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ERZURUM

 
 

ARCHEOLOGY MUSEUM
The museum, where the works obtained in various ways from Erzurum and surrounding cities, has begun its activity in 1942 in Çifte Minareli Madrasa and has moved to its new building in 1967. In 1994, when Yakutiye Madrasa Turkish - Islamic Works and Ethnography Museum was opened, it has been converted into Archeology Museum. Its connected units are Turkish - Islamic Works Museum and Atatürk

House Museum. Furthermore, the administrative works of the directorate carrying out its activities in a large region including the surrounding cities, are being carried out in this building.
In the Museum, there are Excavations Hall, Hall of Trans - Caucasus Culture, Urartu Hall, Natural History Hall and Armenian Massacre Hall.
Excavations Hall
The works obtained until today in the excavations made in the region are being exhibited. Among these, Karaz (1942 - 1944), Pulur (1960), Güzelova (1961), Sos (1994 - 1998) Tumulus excavations constitute an important part.

Works such as small sculptures belonging to the term between IV thousand BC and Seljuk Period, holly stoves, arrow ends, cooked earthenware pots, stone works are being exhibited.
This culture, which is known as Karaz culture in our country and which is spread over a wide region from Southern Caucasus to the west of Urmiye Lake and to Philistine, is encountered most intensely in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia, especially in Erzurum and its surroundings, hence the importance of these excavations and the excavations to be carried out in the future increases.

Roman, Hellenistic, Trans - Caucasus Hall
Works obtained in İkiztepe tumulus and golden works such as diadems, rings and earrings belonging to Roman and Hellenistic Periods that have been gained for the museum by purchase or confiscation, works such as glass tear bottles, cooked earth, sarcophaguses and works belonging to Trans - Caucasian culture that has spread in IInd thousand BC to the west of Van Basin, Eastern Anatolia Region, around Urmiye Lake in the southeast, and to Georgia in northeast are being exhibited.

Urartu Works and Coin Hall
The capital city of Urartus, that survived between 900 - 600 BC is Van (Tuşpa). They ruled as a strong kingdom in a wide region that covered Urmiye, Gökçegöl and Çıldır Lakes and that was spread to Erzincan and Malatya line in the western direction. Their roots go to Hurris. There are many forts, rock architectures, dams and irrigation facilities as well as cooked earthenware and metal pots, ornamental

goods, seals, war tools, vow plates and rythons, which are exhibited in the museum, show the improvement of Urartu Civilization In this hall, there are many coins belonging to Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods.
Urartu Inscriptions and Natural History Hall

Stone Urartu inscriptions that have been provided for the museum by purchase among the inscriptions that are very important written documents holding a light to the history, are being exhibited in this hall. The mammoth fossil that lived 500 thousand years ago, mollusk fossils, plant fossils and obsidians are included in this part.
Armenian Massacre Hall
The findings obtained from Alaca, Yeşilyayla and Tımar Village excavations in Erzurum and from Obaköy excavation in Kars among the areas of genocide against Turks in Anatolia by Armenian komitadji in 1918 are exhibited.
Among the findings, there are amulets, buttons, tobacco boxes and necklaces with crescent and star, bullet hives and parts of Kur'an - ı Kerim.
Çifte Minareli Madrasa
Since it has no inscription, its real name and date of construction are not known. With the thought that it could have been had constructed by Hundi Hatun, daughter of Seljuk Sultan Alaaddin Keykubad or by Padişah Hatun from İlhanlı Dynasty, it is also called as Hatuniye Madrasa. It is generally accepted to be constructed at the end of 13th century. It has been converted into a cannon foundry upon the order of Sultan Murad the IVth. It has been used as a barracks for some time. The madrasa, whose excavation and restoration has been carried out by General Directorate of Foundations between 1971 - 1972 is being used by Erzurum Yakutiye Municipality.
It is the biggest sample in Anatolia of the madrasas having four liwans and an open courtyard. The crown door having double minarets has a different arrangement with the large tomb next to the main liwan in the south. The deviation in the plan is caused by its being near the city wall. In the front, there are fountain niches other than the crown door form and two semi - round supports. Multi - part cylindrical minarets at two sides of the crown door are ornamented with glazed and non - glazed bricks and their shoe parts are ornamented with mosaic encaustic tiles. Their upper parts from the minaret balcony are destroyed. The plastic - volume plant motifs surrounding the crown door in staged circles and the dragon, life tree, eagle motifs in the panels are the most showy parts of the side. The completed life tree and eagle motifs in the east are thought to explain the power and immortality that goes back to Central Asia Turkish belief, more than being a rigging.
There are rooms covered with domes on both sides of the entrance liwan. The long, rectangular courtyard is surrounded by porches supported with various dimensioned columns and pillars. There is a pool in the mid. The cells in the middle of the porches are double - floored. The small side liwans are covered with star vaults. The internal architecture ornaments are observed to remain uncompleted. Besides the geometric and plant samples seen on cell arches, door - window frames and columns, there are writing strips consisting of verses and hadiths.
At the end of the main liwan, the mummy and body part of the tomb is reached via stairs. There are two sarcophaguses in the mummy part having a cross - like plan in the internal side. The tomb having a dodecahedron plan is the biggest of such monument - graves in Anatolia. The conic upper part is covered with red - colored stones. Its ornaments have been left uncompleted in spite of its all architectural magnificence.
Museum Tel: (+90 - 442) 218 1406
Open hours to visit: 07:45a.m - 12:00a.m / 12:30p.m - 16:15p.m
Open days to visit: Every day except Monday

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